Corrections Telecommunication and Technology
F. Warren Benton, Ph.D.
John Jay College of Criminal Justice, CUNY
Reprints from a series published in Corrections Managers' Report.

Access the entire collection at the CTT Web Site.


Corrections Business on the Internet

by F. Warren Benton, Ph.D.
Copyright Corrections Managers' Report, April/May 1997

During most of this century, direct services in corrections have been provided by government agencies. However, government has always relied on the private sector in a supporting role, providing supplies, technical services, and facilities. During the last two decades, as the demand for correctional services has grown, the private sector has moved from the more supportive role to the front line, operating correctional facilities and programs.

According to Chris Bryson, in the October issue of The National Times, "ten years ago the country had barely a thousand private prison beds. There are now almost 70,000 inmates incarcerated in 104 private facilities in 19 states. In each of the last five years the industry has grown at an aggregate rate of 34%. But with 95% of inmates still held in publicly run jails and prisons, projections are for accelerated expansion in the private sector." In this article, I will describe ways to track the privatization and commercialization of corrections on the internet.

During the last year, corrections has begun to come into focus on the web. Several major web sites provide a launching point leading to correctional professionals and organizations. The leading site, based on scope of links and organizational support, as well as originality of content, is The Corrections Connection. This is a major web site that includes the American Correctional Association and the American Jail Association. A more specialized and commercial site is the Correctional Marketplace which provides a searchable directory of links primarily for correctional products and services. Using these sites as a starting point, it is possible to examine the business of corrections from several perspectives.

Advertising Reflects the Commercial Growth in Corrections

One approach is to look at advertising for correctional services on the web. One of the most extensive listings can be found at the Correctional Marketplace. More than 500 business-card style advertisements are available on line, searchable, organized alphabetically or by functional categories. A sampling of some of the categories suggests the scope of the services available:

  • Access Control Systems
  • Advocacy Groups
  • Ammunition
  • Apparel
  • Architecture, Engineering, Design
  • Arts and Crafts
  • Biohazard
  • Body Alarm Systems
  • Cell Furniture
  • Certificates / Certificate Holders
  • Chairs
  • Consultants:
  • Day Reporting Programs
  • Dogs, Specialized
A similar directory can be found at The Corrections Connection Product and Services Directory.

Both Directories Could be Improved

The Directories illustrate technical problems in web page design and presentation. For example, if you search for companies by name on Correctional Marketplace, all of the names are in a single giant web page that can take a minute to load from A to Z depending on the speed of your connection. It would be simpler and faster if the listing were broken down by letter of the alphabet so that if you click on "P" you get only those listings. Corrections Connection is structured as a searchable index. Thus, you must select a topic to get your listings. There is no way to look for a company by name, and the e-mail directory is for people, not businesses. I assume that both directories are in constant improvement, and thus, by the time my observations are in print, new and improved features may be operational.

Lack of Web Pages Limits Marketing Effectiveness

Both listings suffer from a lack of links to web pages by the vendors involved. In some instances, this occurs because the vendors do not have web pages. In other instances, the vendor has a web page, but the listings do not include the link. Either way, the vendor and the potential customer suffer. A presentation is most effective when the potential customer can immediately click from the listing to the vendor's web page, to get further information about the products and services involved. Both directories offer web page services to advertisers and will link to web pages that the advertisers already maintain. The vendors would be well advised to develop and clearly link their web pages.

The Corrections Connection Bid Center provides another view

The Corrections Connection has another interesting site, The Bid Center. Correctional agencies announce their intent to purchase products and services, and invite vendors to respond. When I recently visited the site, state and local agencies were announcing their intent to purchase video imaging systems, furniture, an inmate banking and commissary information system, as well as a 92-bed community correction center.

Two Professors Track Privatization of Corrections

The growth of private management of correctional facilities is the focus of the Prison Privatization Research Page, which is maintained by Professor Charles H. Logan of the University of Connecticut, and Professor Charles W. Thomas of the University of Florida. Their site provides up to date information on private management of prisons, as well as links to articles and sources of information.

Focusing on a Specific Company

The power of the internet becomes more apparent if you decide to focus in on a specific company, especially if the company is large. Such a search may be important if you intend to make a major purchase from the company, but the information can also be interesting just to keep track of developments in an important part of our field.

For my example, I will use Corrections Corporation of America (CCA). I select CCA because they are a large, public stock corporation specializing in corrections. The Prison Privatization Research Page provides a table indicating that, as of the end of 1994, CCA had 51% of the USA market share for private prisons -- the leading company in the field.

There are several internet sites that can provide us with additional information about CCA. A good place to start is a news search engine such as Infoseek YourNews. Entering search terms such as the name of the company and the stock symbol yielded, on the day I searched, an announcement of the award of a 1,500 bed contract.

I then proceeded to a site called StockMaster which provides updated price quotations for stocks. I searched on CXC, and received a 1-year graph of the stock price and share sales volume, as well as a 20-minute old quotation, and the high and the low for the day. Stockmaster is allied with another website called Hoovers which provides information about stocks. Some of the information is free, and more detailed information costs money. However, Hoovers provided a brief summary about the company, a listing of company officials and statistics, and a link to CCA's web site. The Corrections Corporation of America Web Site is financial, not operational. It is intended for the green eyeshades crowd, but there is a wealth of information if you are willing to read carefully. However, you can find more detailed information at the bottom of the Hoovers page. They provide links to the following:

  • EDGAR Online Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings: These are official documents submitted to the SEC about the finances of the company, and certain stock transactions. The SEC requires that potentially unfavorable information be listed along with favorable information.
  • Latest Quarterly Financials: These are statistics of interest to investors and accountants.
  • StockMaster Quote and Chart: This is the stock quote chart discussed above.
  • InfoSeek Guide Web Search: This link generates an Infoseek search of for CCA on the internet. Since the link searches for "Corrections" or "Corporation" or "America", it generated, on the day I tried it, more than 17 million hits. However, a dozen or so, among the first 50, were relevant. You would do better if you tailor the search, with a more specific entry, such as "Corrections Corporation of America", CCA, CXC. You still get a lot of irrelevant stuff, but you are more likely to find what you want.
  • Latest News from InfoSeek: This is a similar search, but it focuses on news articles.
  • Press Announcements from Corrections Corporation of America: This generates a listing of press releases issued by CCA.
  • Map of Headquarters Location: This link generates a roadmap with directions to CCA's offices.

In my example, I selected CCA because they are a large and well-known organization. However, similar information is available in other major companies in the corrections field, such as:

Most of the companies involved in correctional services are not listed, or are parts of large companies (for example, telephone companies) so that a search like this does not generate meaningful information. However, if the business of corrections continues to grow, and the internet continues to develop in its scope and capacity, then in the coming months and years, more information will become available.